iTop系统集成-接口服务-使用Perl代码创建工单
本帖最后由 adminlily 于 2020-12-14 11:37 编辑用于从命令行创建工单的脚本
该页面包含各种语言的示例脚本，这些脚本可通过命令行在iTop中创建工单。脚本使用iTop的RESTTJSON API在远程iTop服务器上创建工单（脚本必须可以通过http/https访问iTop）。该脚本旨在与Nagios一起使用，因为它们需要4个参数：host，service，service_status和service_state_type，但是唯一有意义的参数是主机，并且可以很容易地将脚本调整为特定的服务。
用您的常用脚本语言选择脚本，不要犹豫来定制它。
使用PHP本节提供了一个示例脚本的PHP 脚本语言，以使用RESTTJSON Web服务在（远程）iTop中创建工单。为了简化本示例，仅执行最少的参数验证和返回状况。
要求：PHP与cURL模块。
限制：Nagios中的“主机”价值必须与iTop中唯一的FunctionalCI的名称相对应。
下列的PHP 脚本会创建一个UserRequest工单（您可以变更，配置来创建事件或变更），并将附带的主机（= FunctionalCI）附加到该脚本。工单与主机在同一组织中创建。
[ ttps://www.itophub.io/wiki/page?do=export_code&id=2_7_0%3Aadvancedtopics%3Acreate_ticket&codeblock=0]create-ticket.php
#!/usr/bin/php <?php // Configuration $ITOP_URL = 'https://demo. /simple'; $ITOP_USER = 'admin'; $ITOP_PWD = 'admin'; $TICKET_CLASS = 'UserRequest'; $TITLE = 'Service Down on %1$s'; $DESCRIPTION = 'The Service "%2$s" is down on "%1$s"'; $COMMENT = 'Created from PHP'; if ($argc != 5) { echo "Usage: {$argv} <host> <service> <service_status> <service_state_type>\n"; ; } $host = $argv; $service = $argv; $service_status = $argv; $service_state_type = $argv; $url = $ITOP_URL.'/webservices/rest.php?version=1.0'; if (($service_status != "OK") && ($service_status != "UP") && ($service_state_type == "HARD")) { $payload = ( 'operation' => 'core/create', 'class' => $TICKET_CLASS, 'fields' => ( 'org_id' => ('SELECT Organization AS O JOIN FunctionalCI AS CI ON CI.org_id = O.id WHERE CI.name="%1$s"', $host), 'title' => ($TITLE, $host, $service), 'description' => ($DESCRIPTION, $host, $service), 'functionalcis_list' => ( ('functionalci_id' => ("SELECT FunctionalCI WHERE name='%s'", $host), 'impact_code' => 'manual'), ), ), 'comment' => $COMMENT, 'output_fields' => 'id', ); $data = ( 'auth_user' => $ITOP_USER, 'auth_pwd' => $ITOP_PWD, 'json_data' => ($payload) ); $options = ( CURLOPT_POST => ($data), CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS => ($data), // Various options... CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER => true, // return the content of the request CURLOPT_HEADER => false, // don't return the headers in the output CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION => true, // follow redirects CURLOPT_ENCODING => "", // handle all encodings CURLOPT_AUTOREFERER => true, // set referer on redirect CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT => 120, // timeout on connect CURLOPT_TIMEOUT => 120, // timeout on response // Disabling SSL verification CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER => false, // Disable SSL certificate validation CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST => false, // Disable host vs certificate validation ); $handle = ($url); ($handle, $options); $response = ($handle); $errno = ($handle); $error_message = ($handle); ($handle); if ($errno !== 0) { echo "Problem opening URL: $url, $error_message\n"; ; } $decoded_response = ($response, true); if ($decoded_response === false) { echo "Error: ".($response, true)."\n"; } else if ($decoded_response['code'] != 0) { echo $decoded_response['message']."\n"; } else { echo "Ticket created.\n"; } } else { echo "Service state type !='HARD', doing nothing.\n"; }
用法
create-ticket.php <host> <service> <service_status> <service_state_type>
配置
编辑以下几行（在脚本的开头）以将脚本调整为适用于您的环境：
// Configuration$ITOP_URL = 'https://demo. /simple';$ITOP_USER = 'admin';$ITOP_PWD = 'admin';$TICKET_CLASS = 'UserRequest';$TITLE = 'Service Down on %1$s';$DESCRIPTION = 'The Service "%2$s" is down on "%1$s"';$COMMENT = 'Created from PHP'
提供的用户账号必须具有足够的权利才能创建工单并将配置项附加到其上。如有疑问，请与管理员账号一起使用测试。
故障排除
您可以通过手动运行脚本来测试工单创建。例如，如果iTop中存在一个名为Server1的服务器，则可以运行以下命令来创建工单：create-ticket.php "Server1" "Manual Test" "DOWN" "HARD"
使用Perl
本节提供了一个示例脚本perl 脚本语言，以使用RESTTJSON Web服务在（远程）iTop中创建工单。为了简化本示例，仅执行最少的参数验证和返回状况。
要求：具有LWP和JSON模块的Perl。
限制：Nagios中的“主机”价值必须与iTop中唯一的FunctionalCI的名称相对应。
下列perl 脚本会创建一个UserRequest工单（您可以变更，配置来创建事件或变更），并将附带的主机（= FunctionalCI）附加到该脚本。工单与主机在同一组织中创建。
[ ttps://www.itophub.io/wiki/page?do=export_code&id=2_7_0%3Aadvancedtopics%3Acreate_ticket&codeblock=4]create-ticket.pl
#!/usr/bin/perl use strict; use warnings; use LWP 5.64; use JSON; # Default values my $ITOP_URL = 'https://demo. /simple'; my $ITOP_LOGIN = "admin"; my $ITOP_PWD = "admin"; my $TICKET_CLASS = 'UserRequest'; my $DEFAULT_DESCRIPTION = 'Service "%1$s" is down on host "%2$s"'; my $DEFAULT_TITLE = 'Service down on "%1$s"'; my $COMMENT = "Created from $0"; # Parameters checking my ($host, $service, $service_status, $service_state_type) = @ARGV; if (not $host) { "Parameter 1: 'host' needed.\n"; } if (not $service) { "Parameter 2: 'service' needed.\n"; } if (not $service_status) { "Parameter 3: 'service status' needed.\n"; } if (not $service_state_type) { "Parameter 4: 'service state type' needed.\n"; } if ( ($service_status ne "OK" ) && ( $service_status ne "UP" ) && ( $service_state_type eq "HARD" )) { my $url = "$ITOP_URL/webservices/rest.php?version=1.0"; my $browser = LWP::UserAgent->new; $browser->ssl_opts(verify_hostname => 0, SSL_verify_mode => 0x00); my %ci_link = ( 'functionalci_id' => "SELECT FunctionalCI WHERE name='$host'", 'impact_code' => 'manual'); my %fields = ( 'org_id' => "SELECT Organization AS O JOIN FunctionalCI AS CI ON CI.org_id=O.id WHERE CI.name='$host'", 'title' => ($DEFAULT_TITLE, $host), 'description' => ($DEFAULT_DESCRIPTION, $service, $host), 'functionalcis_list' => [ \%ci_link ], ); my %data = ( 'operation' => 'core/create', 'class' => $TICKET_CLASS, 'comment' => $COMMENT, 'output_fields' => 'id', 'fields' => \%fields, ); my $response = $browser->post($url, [ 'auth_user' => $ITOP_LOGIN, 'auth_pwd' => $ITOP_PWD, 'json_data' => encode_json \%data, ]); if ($response->is_success) { my $output = decode_json( $response->decoded_content); # or whatever if ($output->{'code'} != 0) { $output->{'message'}."\n"; } else { "Ticket created.\n"; } } else { $response->status_line; } } else { "Service state type !='HARD', doing nothing.\n"; }
用法
create-ticket.pl <host> <service> <service_status> <service_state_type>
配置编辑以下几行（在脚本的开头）以将脚本调整为适用于您的环境：
# Default valuesmy $ITOP_URL = 'https://demo. /simple';my $ITOP_LOGIN = "admin";my $ITOP_PWD = "admin";my $TICKET_CLASS = 'UserRequest';my $DEFAULT_DESCRIPTION = 'Service "%1$s" is down on host "%2$s"';my $DEFAULT_TITLE = 'Service down on "%1$s"';my $COMMENT = "Created from $0";
提供的用户账号必须具有足够的权利才能创建工单并将配置项附加到其上。如有疑问，请与管理员账号一起使用测试。
故障排除
您可以通过手动运行脚本来测试工单创建。例如，如果iTop中存在一个名为Server1的服务器，则可以运行以下命令来创建工单：create-ticket.pl "Server1" "Manual Test" "DOWN" "HARD"
使用Python
本节提供了一个示例脚本python 脚本语言，以使用RESTTJSON Web服务在（远程）iTop中创建工单。为了简化本示例，仅执行最少的参数验证和返回状况。
要求：带有请求，json和（显然）sys程序包的python。
限制：Nagios中的“主机”价值必须与iTop中唯一的FunctionalCI的名称相对应。
下列python 脚本会创建一个UserRequest工单（您可以变更，配置来创建事件或变更），并将附带的主机（= FunctionalCI）附加到该脚本。工单与主机在同一组织中创建。
[ ttps://www.itophub.io/wiki/page?do=export_code&id=2_7_0%3Aadvancedtopics%3Acreate_ticket&codeblock=8]create-ticket.py
#!/usr/bin/python
import requests
import json
import sys
ITOP_URL = 'https://demo. /simple'
ITOP_USER = 'admin'
ITOP_PWD = 'admin'
TICKET_CLASS = 'UserRequest'
TITLE = 'Service down on %(host)s'
DESCRIPTION = 'The service %(service)s is down on %(host)s'
COMMENT = 'Created from Python'
if len(sys.argv) != 5:
print "Usage: "+sys.argv+" host service service_status
service_state_type\n"
sys.exit()
else:
print str(sys.argv)
host = sys.argv
service = sys.argv
service_status = sys.argv
service_state_type = sys.argv
if (service_status != "OK") and (service_status != "UP") and (service_state_type ==
"HARD" ):
json_data = {
'operation': 'core/create',
'class': TICKET_CLASS,
'fields': {
'title': TITLE % {'host': host },
'description': DESCRIPTION % {'host': host, 'service':
service },
'org_id': 'SELECT Organization AS O JOIN FunctionalCI AS CI
ON CI.org_id = O.id WHERE CI.name="%(host)s"' % {'host': host},
'functionalcis_list': [ {
'functionalci_id': "SELECT FunctionalCI WHERE
name='%(host)s'" % {'host': host},
'impact_code': 'manual',
}],
},
'comment': COMMENT,
'output_fields': 'id',
}
encoded_data = json.dumps(json_data)
r = requests.post(ITOP_URL+'/webservices/rest.php?version=1.0',
verify=False, data={'auth_user': ITOP_USER , 'auth_pwd': ITOP_PWD , 'json_data':
encoded_data})
result = json.loads(r.text);
if result['code'] == 0:
print "Ticket created.\n"
else:
print result['message']+"\n"
else:
print "Service state type !='HAR
用法
create-ticket.py <host> <service> <service_status> <service_state_type>
配置
编辑以下几行（在脚本的开头）以将脚本调整为适用于您的环境：
ITOP_URL = 'https://demo. /simple'
ITOP_USER = 'admin'
ITOP_PWD = 'admin'
TICKET_CLASS = 'UserRequest'
TITLE = 'Service down on %(host)s'
DESCRIPTION = 'The service %(service)s is down on %(host)s'
COMMENT = 'Created from Python'D', doing nothing.\n"
提供的用户账号必须具有足够的权利才能创建工单并将配置项附加到其上。如有疑问，请与管理员账号一起使用测试。
故障排除
您可以通过手动运行脚本来测试工单创建。例如，如果iTop中存在一个名为Server1的服务器，则可以运行以下命令来创建工单：create-ticket.py "Server1" "Manual Test" "DOWN" "HARD"
使用bash和wget
本节提供了一个示例脚本bash 脚本语言，以使用RESTTJSON Web服务在（远程）iTop中创建工单。为了简化本示例，仅执行最少的参数验证和返回状况。
要求：bash和wget。
限制：Nagios中的“主机”价值必须与iTop中唯一的FunctionalCI的名称相对应。
下列bash 脚本创建一个UserRequest工单（您可以变更，配置来创建事件或变更），并将附带的配置项附加到该脚本。工单与配置项在同一组织中创建。
[ ttps://www.itophub.io/wiki/page?do=export_code&id=2_7_0%3Aadvancedtopics%3Acreate_ticket&codeblock=12]create-ticket.bash
#!/bin/bash
##################################################################################
# #
# Example script for creating a UserRequest ticket via the REST/JSON webservices #
# #
##################################################################################
# iTop location and credentials, change them to suit your iTop installation
ITOP_URL="https://demo. /simple"
ITOP_USER="admin"
ITOP_PWD="admin"
# Parameters checking, see below for default values
if [ "$1" == "" ]; then
echo "Missing parameter 1: host"
exit -1
else
HOST="$1"
fi
if [ "$2" == "" ]; then
echo "Missing parameter 2: Service"
exit -1
else
SERVICE="$2"
fi
if [ "$3" == "" ]; then
echo "Missing parameter 3: Service Status"
exit -1
else
SERVICE_STATUS="$3"
fi
if [ "$4" == "" ]; then
echo "Missing parameter 4: Service State Type"
exit -1
else
SERVICE_STATUS_TYPE="$4"
fi
# Default values, adapt them to your configuration
TICKET_CLASS="UserRequest"
ORGANIZATION="SELECT Organization JOIN FunctionalCI AS CI ON
CI.org_id=Organization.id WHERE CI.name='"${HOST}"'"
TITLE="Service Down on $1"
DESCRIPTION="The service $SERVICE is in state $SERVICE_STATUS on $HOST"
# Let's create the ticket via the REST/JSON API
if [[ ( "$SERVICE_STATUS" != "OK" ) && ( "$SERVICE_STATUS" != "UP" ) && (
"$SERVICE_STATUS_TYPE" == "HARD" ) ]]; then
CIS_LIST='[{"functionalci_id":"SELECT FunctionalCI WHEREname=\"'"$1"'\"",
"impact_code": "manual"}]'
JSON_DATA='{"operation":"core/create", "class":"'"${TICKET_CLASS}"'",
"fields": {"functionalcis_list":'"${CIS_LIST}"', "org_id":"'"${ORGANIZATION}"'",
"title":"'"$TITLE"'", "description":"'"$DESCRIPTION"'"}, "comment": "Created by the
Monitoring", "output_fields": "id"}'
RESULT=`wget -q --post-
data='auth_user='"${ITOP_USER}"'&auth_pwd='"${ITOP_PWD}"'&json_data='"${JSON_DATA}"
--no-check-certificate -O -"${ITOP_URL}/webservices/rest.php?version=1.0"`
PATTERN='"key":"()+"'
if [[ $RESULT =~ $PATTERN ]]; then
echo "Ticket created successfully"
else
echo "ERROR: failed to create ticket"
echo $RESULT
fi
else
echo "Service State Type != HARD, doing nothing"
fi
用法
create-ticket.bash <host> <service> <service_status> <service_state_type>
配置变更脚本顶部的3行调整为您的环境
ITOP_URL="https://demo. /simple"ITOP_USER="admin"ITOP_PWD="admin"
提供的用户帐户必须具有足够的权限才能创建票证并将CI附加到票证。如有疑问，请使用管理员帐户进行测试。
然后根据您的喜好更改默认值：
# Default values, adapt them to your configurationTICKET_CLASS="UserRequest"ORGANIZATION="SELECT Organization JOIN FunctionalCI AS CI ON
CI.org_id=Organization.id WHERE CI.name='"${HOST}"'"TITLE="Service Down on $1"DESCRIPTION="The service $SERVICE is in state $SERVICE_STATUS on $HO
故障排除
您可以通过手动运行脚本来测试工单创建。例如，如果iTop中存在一个名为Server1的服务器，则可以运行以下命令来创建工单：create-ticket.bash "Server1" "Manual Test" "DOWN" "HARD"
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